Sub Saharan Africa
POLITICAL:
-Niger Valley civilization.
-Village Cheifs handled any intervillage affairs.
-Societies were governed through family and kinship groups.
-Did not depend on an elaborate bureaucracy.
-A group of villages was a district.
-Some villages organized military forces.
-Nubians shifted their capital from Napata to the town of Meroe.
-Niger Valley civilization.
-Village Cheifs handled any intervillage affairs.
-Societies were governed through family and kinship groups.
-Did not depend on an elaborate bureaucracy.
-A group of villages was a district.
-Some villages organized military forces.
-Nubians shifted their capital from Napata to the town of Meroe.
ECONOMICS:
-Iron metallurgy made it easier to clear more land.
-Yams, sorghum, and millet cultivated.
-Hunting and fishing based.
-Trading between villages.
-Nubians had abundance of Iron Ore.
-Slaves were traded amongst africa.
-Nubians traded ivory, ebony, animal skins, ostrich feathers, and slaves.
-Meroe became a center of iron smelting and manufacturing.
-Sand Routes start.
-Iron metallurgy made it easier to clear more land.
-Yams, sorghum, and millet cultivated.
-Hunting and fishing based.
-Trading between villages.
-Nubians had abundance of Iron Ore.
-Slaves were traded amongst africa.
-Nubians traded ivory, ebony, animal skins, ostrich feathers, and slaves.
-Meroe became a center of iron smelting and manufacturing.
-Sand Routes start.
RELIGION:
-Villages had religions often associated with nature.
-One main god and a variety of lesser gods.
-Believed in ancestral spirits.
-Practiced many rituals.
-Islam appealed to elites and merchants.
-Islam was incorporated into earlier religions.
-Villages had religions often associated with nature.
-One main god and a variety of lesser gods.
-Believed in ancestral spirits.
-Practiced many rituals.
-Islam appealed to elites and merchants.
-Islam was incorporated into earlier religions.
SOCIETY:
-Men did all the heavy labor.
-Women's jobs were having children, and doing domestic chores.
-Men were in public authority, but women enjoyed honor as sources of life.
-Aristocratic women had the ability to influence public affairs.
-Islam did not do much to lower women's oppertunities.
-People had responsibilities and tasks appropriate to their age.
-Kinship groups were extended families and clans which were social and economic organization.
-Men did all the heavy labor.
-Women's jobs were having children, and doing domestic chores.
-Men were in public authority, but women enjoyed honor as sources of life.
-Aristocratic women had the ability to influence public affairs.
-Islam did not do much to lower women's oppertunities.
-People had responsibilities and tasks appropriate to their age.
-Kinship groups were extended families and clans which were social and economic organization.
INTELLECTUALS/INNOVATIONS:
-Islam invited experts.
-Islamic schools and mosques were built.
-Islam invited experts.
-Islamic schools and mosques were built.
ARTS/ARCHITECTURE:
NEAR GEOGRAPHIC:
http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072424354/student_view0/chapter19/table_of_contents.html
http://www.fsmitha.com/h1/ch29af.htm
http://www.sahistory.org.za/article/bantu
Celina Grisolia
http://www.fsmitha.com/h1/ch29af.htm
http://www.sahistory.org.za/article/bantu
Celina Grisolia